IELTS、TOEFL越難越有效：口譯員筆記法

作者/Emily Yih

中英口譯員
師大英語系、東吳英語系講師

我是Emily Yih 老師，除了本身從事口筆譯的工作以外，也在大專院校教授口筆譯。

翻譯，感覺和一般英語測驗好像沾不上邊，很少獨立成為考試項目，在學習過程方面，也需要更多訓練時間慢慢養成，但我在大學開設的口譯及筆譯課程，卻意想不到地幫助學生通過各項國內外英文檢定。

科大的學生，寫信告訴我，修完我的「中譯英」後，在書寫中高級全民英檢的翻譯考題時，感到得心應手；外文系的學生，傳訊息跟我說，長逐步口譯課堂上學習到的筆記技巧，在她的托福及雅思聽力測驗中發揮很大的效用；很高興為各位同學盡上棉薄之力，聽到大家在語言學習方面有所進步-- 突破-- 達標，並從中獲得成就感，是身為一位英文教師最大的喜悅。

Q

學生反映托福或雅思聽力測驗題目常包含長達五分鐘以上的長篇演講，聽過即忘，有無法方法可輔
助記憶？

A

以做長逐口的筆記為輔助，將長篇文字轉為有系統的圖像化記憶。

筆記要點:
1. 縮排- 顯示出訊息的架構
2. 可以是任何語言或符號- 以便快速書寫
3. 垂直記錄- 因為人眼垂直移動速度通常比水平移動要快
4. 用區塊劃分訊息- 將大量訊息切割成一目瞭然小單位
5. 區塊之間的關係用箭頭標記- 顯示出訊息之間的起承轉合
6. 注意並非聽到什麼字就照著狂抄，這樣叫逐字稿而非筆記。

聽力筆記練習

從1:09秒聽到5:00，請讀者實際試聽、作筆記
Emma Watson 2014 年在聯合國擔任女權運動大使的演說

逐字稿

"Today, we are launching a campaign called HeForShe. I am reaching out to you before we need your help. We want to end gender inequality and to do this, we need everyone involved. This is the first campaign of its kind at the UN. We want to try to galvanize as many men and boys as possible to be advocates for change and we don't just want to talk about it. We want to try and make sure that it's tangible."

"I was appointed as Goodwill Ambassador for U.N. Women six months ago and the more I've spoken about feminism, the more I have realized that fighting for women's rights has too often become synonymous with man-hating. If there is one thing I know for certain, it is that this has to stop."

"For the record, feminism, by definition, is the belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunities. It is the theory of the political, economic and social equality of the sexes. I started questioning gender-based assumptions a long time ago."

"When I was 8, I was confused about being called 'bossy' because I wanted to direct the plays that we would put on f or our parents. But the boys were not. When at 14, I started to be sexualized by certain elements of the media, when at 15, my girlfriends started dropping out of their beloved sports teams, because they didn't want to appear 'muscle-y,' when at 18, my male friends were unable to express their feelings, I decided that I was a feminist. And this seems uncomplicated to me. But my recent research has shown me that feminism has become an unpopular word."

"Women are choosing not to identify as feminists. Apparently, I am among the ranks of women whose expressions are seen as too strong, 'too aggressive,'isolating and anti-men, unattractive, even. Why has the word become such an uncomfortable one?"

"I am from Britain and I think it is right that I am paid the same as my male counterparts. I think it is right that I should be able to make decisions about my own body , I think it is right that women be involved on my behalf in the policies and the decisions that affect my life. I think it is right that socially, I am afforded the same respect as men."

"But sadly, I can say that there is no one country in the world where all women can expect to receive these rights.”

筆記範例

同學實際演練一開始可能會容易流於逐字稿的形式，即聽到什麼字就拼命寫下，但要提醒自己要寫的是「消化過的訊息」，比較像聽完一單位的訊息再決定要不要記、要記哪些。有些同學不習慣畫符號，平常可先想好幾個出現頻率高的字存起來用（比如說以「！」表示重要或呼籲、國家以「□」表示。）練習過程中，如果發現自己無法一心多用，不要因為緊張而試圖拼命寫下更多東西，倒不如停下筆、專心聽，找回方向後重新再記。